Section 2 - Composition, Information on Ingredients

CAS#	Chemical Name	Percent	EINECS/ELINCS
74-96-4	Bromoethane	>98	200-825-8

Section 3 - Hazards Identification

Appearance: clear, colorless liquid. Flash Point: 26 deg C.
Danger! Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Causes eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation. Flammable liquid and vapor. May cause cardiac disturbances. May cause liver and kidney damage. May cause central nervous system effects.
Target Organs: Kidneys, heart, central nervous system, liver, lungs.


Potential Health Effects
Eye: Causes eye irritation.
Skin: Causes skin irritation. Harmful if absorbed through the skin. Exposure may cause irritation characterized by redness, dryness, and inflammation. The Dow Chemical Company stated that a single prolonged skin exposure can lead to the absorption of harmful amounts of ethyl bromide. (Documentation of the TLV)
Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause respiratory failure. May cause systemic toxic effects on the heart, liver, and kidneys.
Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. Causes narcotic effects including headache, dizziness, weakness, unconsciousness, and possible death. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause pulmonary edema. Inhalation of high concentrations can lead to respiratory failure, cardiac arrhythmia, and death. In the late 18th century, the use of ethyl bromide as an anesthetic was advocated for a number of medical procedures. Probable ethyl bromide concentrations used during some of these procedures approached 100,000 ppm. Fatalities have occurred from respiratory or cardiac arrest immediately following anesthesia or up to over 24 hours post-treatment. Symptoms in fatal cases include vertigo, weakness, difficult breathing, weak and rapid pulse, and unconsciousness, followed by cardiac failure.
Chronic: Chronic exposure may cause effects similar to those of acute exposure. Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. Great Lakes Chemical says " Prolonged or repeated exposures may cause liver, kidneys, lungs, brain, uterus, respiratory system, eyes, cardiovascular system and central nervous system effects."

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid imme diately.
Skin: Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation: Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively.

Section 5 - Fire Fighting Measures

General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. Vapor may cause flash fire.
Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.
Flash Point: 26 deg C ( 78.80 deg F)
Autoignition Temperature: 511 deg C ( 951.80 deg F)
Explosion Limits, Lower:6.7
Upper: 11.3
NFPA Rating: (estimated) Health: 2; Flammability: 3; Instability: 0

Section 6 - Accidental Release Measures

General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks: Absorb spill with inert material (e.g. vermiculite, sand or earth), then place in suitable container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation. Use only non-sparking tools and equipment.

Section 7 - Handling and Storage

Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Do not ingest or inhale. Use only with adequate ventilation.
Storage: Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a cool, dry place. Store in a tightly closed container.

Section 8 - Exposure Controls, Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Use process enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to control airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Ventilation fans and other electrical service must be non-sparking and have an explosion-proof design.
Exposure Limits

Chemical Name	ACGIH	NIOSH	OSHA - Final PELs
Bromoethane	5 ppm TWA; Skin - potential significant contribution to overall exposure by the cutaneous r oute	2000 ppm IDLH	200 ppm TWA; 890 mg/m3 TWA

OSHA Vacated PELs: Bromoethane: 200 ppm TWA; 890 mg/m3 TWA
Personal Protective Equipment
Eyes: Wear chemical splash goggles.
Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced.

Section 9 - Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical State: Liquid
Appearance: clear, colorless
Odor: ethereal odor
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: 467 mm Hg @ 25 deg C
Vapor Density: 3.76 (air=1)
Evaporation Rate:Not available.
Viscosity: 0.379 cps @ 25 deg C
Boiling Point: 38.4 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point:-119 deg C
Decomposition Temperature:Not available.
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water.
Specific Gravity/Density:1.45
Molecular Formula:C2H5Br
Molecular Weight:108.97

Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Darkens on exposure to light and air.
Conditions to Avoid: Ignition sources, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, aluminum, magnesium, zinc, sodium, potassium, calcium.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen bromide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

Section 11 - Toxicological Information

RTECS#:      
CAS# 74-96-4: KH6475000
LD50/LC50:
CAS# 74-96-4:
     Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 16230 ppm/1H;
     Inhalation, mouse: LC50 = 36000 mg/m3/2H;
     Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 26980 ppm/1H;
     Inhalation, rat: LC50 = 534000 mg/m3/4H;
     Oral, rat: LD50 = 1350 mg/kg;
.

Carcinogenicity:
CAS# 74-96-4:

• ACGIH: A3 - Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans
  
• California: carcinogen, initial date 12/22/00
  
• NTP: Not listed.
  
• IARC: Not listed.